This year, around 300,000 American men will be diagnosed with prostate cancer. About one in eight will be diagnosed at some point in their lifetime. In fact, prostate cancer is the second highest cause of cancer-related deaths for men in the United States, just behind lung cancer. 

While these numbers may seem bleak, the risk of prostate cancer increases naturally as we age. Thankfully, with early detection, your health can stay protected. According to the National Cancer Institute, the 5-year relative survival rate for localized and regional prostate cancer is nearly 100%. However, for men with cases that have spread or further developed, the 5-year survival rate drops to around 30%. 

That’s why it’s so important to understand the symptoms and risk factors for this disease, and to learn basic prevention methods. Here’s everything to know. 

What is Prostate Cancer?

Prostate cancer is a disease affecting the prostate gland. This is a small organ responsible for producing seminal fluid, making it a vital part of men’s overall reproductive health. The cancer occurs when malignant cells form within the gland and grow uncontrollably. If not properly treated, the cancer will spread to other parts of the body.

While some forms of prostate cancer spread rapidly and come with obvious health effects, many cases see patients experience a gradual increase in symptoms, making it difficult to detect early on. 

Risk Factors

There are multiple factors that can increase the likelihood of developing prostate cancer.

1. Race — Research has found that prostate cancer is more common among African American men. In addition, reported cases tend to be more aggressive in this demographic compared to other ethnicities. 
2. Age — Men 65 years and older are at a highest risk of developing cancer, making up 65% percent of all reported cases.
3. Family History — Men with family history of prostate cancer tend to have a higher risk, notably when the family member was diagnosed at a young age.
4. Diet and Lifestyle — Lack of exercise and obesity may lead to higher odds of developing prostate cancer. In addition, diets heavy in red meat and high-fat dairy can contribute to increased risk. 

Symptoms to Watch For

While prostate cancer is often slow to show warning signs, noticeable symptoms may include:

• Weak urine flow or difficulty urinating
• Frequent need to urinate (particularly at night)
• Pain during ejaculation
• Pain in the back and hips
• Erectile dysfunction
• Blood in urine or semen

While these symptoms can also be associated with other non-cancerous conditions, it’s critical to consult a health care professional immediately if they do arise.

How to Stay Safe

To best protect your health, experts strongly recommend taking simple precautions. These include:

• Getting Screened — Screenings every two to four years are suggested for men over the age of 55, or for those in high-risk groups. Prostate cancer is often detected through screenings including Prostate-Specific Antigen tests (PSA), PSMA PET scans, and Digital Rectal Exams (DRE). If necessary, a biopsy may be done to examine cell tissue.
• Eating Healthy — Maintaining a balanced diet rich in fruits, vegetables, and whole grains will promote overall health. Limiting red meat and high-fat dairy intake is also advised.
• Exercising Regularly — Consistent physical activity has been linked to lower risk of many common cancers, including those of the prostate, colon, and breast.

Men’s Health at AltaMed

Regular health care is essential for men of all ages. At AltaMed, you’ll find comprehensive services under one roof including screenings, primary care, specialists, dentistry, behavioral health, and senior services. To get started, click here or call (888) 499-9303. Need care fast? Use AltaMed Now to speak with a care provider by phone or video.